9th MAY 1874 TRAM SERVICE STARTED BY BOMBAY ELECTRIC SUPPLY AND TRAMWAYS COMPANY LIMITED (BEST ) ESTABLISHED IN MUMBAI
Bombay Electric Supply & Tramways Company
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Bombay Electric Supply & Tramways Company Limited (BEST) was a sole provider of electric supply, electric tram service and buses in the Mumbai city from 1905 to till 1947 when it was municipalised to form the Bombay Electric Supply and Transport Undertaking. This Company was originally established in England, as a subsidiary of the British Electric Traction Company, which had been trying since 1903 to bring electricity to Mumbai.
The Bombay Electric Supply and Tramways Company was established in London under the English Companies Act, and on 22 July 1905, it was registered in Mumbai under the Indian Companies Act of 1882. It officially cam into existence when it got The Bombay Electric License on 31 July 1905 signed by Bombay Tramways Company, the Bombay Municipality, the Brush Electrical Company and the B.E.S.T. Company.The B.E.S.T. Company was granted the monopoly for electric supply and the running of an electric tram service in the city.[1]
The B.E.S.T. Company bought the assets of the Bombay Tramway Company for Rs.98,50,000.[1] Two years later, the first electric tram debuted in the city. Later that year, a 4,300 kilowatts (5,800 hp) steam power generator was commissioned at Wari Bunder. In 1916, power purchase from Tata Power, a privately owned company, was started and by 1925, all power generation was outsourced from Tata. In 1923 The Company installed 36 electric lamps at 47 street junctions.[2]
The B.E.S.T. Company had been established in England. Its registered office was in London and its Board of Management met there. As a result, the Company had to pay income-tax to the British Exchequer on the profits it earned in India, and as it was registered in Mumbai it had to pay a similar tax in this country too. On 9 June 1920, shareholders meet in London and passed a resolution to wind up its affairs in London. Their resolution was approved by shareholders in Mumbai met on 30 June 1920. The entire management of the Company was now to be handled from Mumbai. The Company’s capital in pound sterling was converted into its corresponding/value in rupees.[1]
On 10 February 1926 the B.E.S.& T Company introduced bus services on three routes on experimental basis with 24 Single Deck Bus. By 1927 B.E.S.T. Company had a fleet of 49 buses.[3]
On 7 August 1947, the Municipal Corporation took over the B.E.S.&T. Company Ltd and it was Municipalised to form the Bombay Electric Supply and Transport Undertaking which was again renamed to Brihanmumbai Electric Supply and Transport Undertaking(B.E.S.&T Undertaking) in 1995.[4]
Notes[edit]
- ^ a b c "Electricity Arrives In Mumbai". BEST Undertaking. Retrieved 12 October 2006.
- ^ "Electricity Arrives In Mumbai". BEST Undertaking. Retrieved12 October 2006.
- ^ "Motor-Bus Apperars - People take to the Bus". BEST Undertaking . Retrieved 2009-11-26.
- ^ "BEST Undertaking". BEST Undertaking . Retrieved2009-11-26.
External links[edit]
 | Wikimedia Commons has media related to BEST. |
- BEST Undertaking – Official site of the BEST
Tram transport in India
Categories:From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaTram transport in India was established by the British in the 19th century. Discontinued in most Indian cities between 1930 and 1960, as of 2014, the Kolkata tram in Kolkata (formerly Calcutta) is the only public tram system in the country.Horse-drawn trams were introduced in India in the early 19th century. The first electric tram service was started in Madras (now Chennai) in 1895. Electric trams were subsequently introduced in Kolkata (1900), Mumbai (1907), Kanpur (1907) and Delhi (1908).Contents
[hide]Kolkata[edit]
Main article: Kolkata tramThe Calcutta Tramways Company, Limited is the company which manages tramways in Kolkata. Horse-drawn tram service was begun on 24 February 1873 between Sealdah and Armenian Ghat Street; due to inadequate ridership, the service ended on November 20 of that year. The British registered the Calcutta Tramways Company, Limited as a joint stock company in London in 1880. Before 1900, the trams were horse-drawn; that year, the process of electrification began.In 1951 the government of West Bengal entered into an agreement with the CTC, and the Calcutta Tramways Act was enacted. The government took over all rights regarding the tramways; it reserved the right to purchase the system on 1 January 1972 or any time thereafter, with two years' notice. In 1967 the government of West Bengal passed the Calcutta Tramways Company (Taking Over of Management) Act, and assumed its management on 19 July 1967. On 8 November 1976 the Calcutta Tramways (Acquisition of Undertaking) Ordinance was enacted, under which the company vested all its assets with the government; it is now a public-sector undertaking.[1]Mumbai[edit]
The British proposed the introduction of trams in Mumbai (then known as Bombay) in 1864, and the contract was awarded to Stearns and Kitteredge in 1873. The first tram, begun between Parel and Colaba on 9 May 1874, were drawn by six to eight horses. (Stearns and Kitteredge reportedly had a stable of 900 horses when tram service began). Electrified tram service began on 7 May 1907. Double-deck tram service began in September 1920; at the peak of service in 1935, 433 trams ran on 47 kilometres (29 mi) of track. The trams met travellers' needs until the betterment of the train network in the city; the service closed on 31 March 1964.[2]Delhi[edit]
Delhi's tram system opened on 6 March 1908. At its zenith in 1921 there were 24 open cars utilising 15 km of track. The system was in operation until about 1963.[2]Patna[edit]
Patna was among the few cities in India having horse-drawn trams as urban transport[3] The horse-drawn tram in Patna ran in the populated stretch of Ashok Rajpath, from Patna City to Bankipore, with its western terminus at Sabzibagh (opposite Pirbahore Police Station) under the direction of the Patna City Municipality. The tram was discontinued in 1903 due to lack of ridership; plans to extend it further west never materialised.Kanpur (Cawnpore)[edit]
Trams were introduced in Kanpur (Cawnpore) in June 1907. The tram system opened in June 1907 and closed on May 16, 1933. There were 4 miles of track and 20 single-deck open trams. The single line connected the railway station with Sirsaya Ghat on the banks of the Ganges. Photographs of Cawnpore trams are very rare.The introductory stock was electric traction-type single-coach; single-coach trams were also used in Delhi, Mumbai and Chennai. There was one line – a four-mile stretch between the train station and Sirsaya Ghat, on the Ganges – and 20 open cars. Service was discontinued on 16 May 1933.[2]Nashik Tramway[edit]
This tramway was constructed in 1889 to a 2 ft 6 in (762 mm) narrow gauge. The consulting engineer was Everard Calthrop, who later achieved renown with the Barsi Light Railway. Originally, the tramway used two carriages pulled by four horses; It originated from what is now the Old Municipal Corporation building located on Main Road, and terminated at the Nashik Road railway station (a distance of around 8–10 km). The stretch between Nashik and Nashik Road was covered with dense jungle; the only mode of transport from the station to the city was by horse-drawn carriage or one of two taxis. The tramway closed down between 1931 and 1933.Chennai[edit]
Trams in Madras (now Chennai) were operated between the docks and the inland areas, carrying goods and passengers. When the system began on 7 May 1895, it was the first electric tram system in India. The trams could carry heavy loads and were popular, with thousands of riders daily. The route encompassed Mount Road, Parrys Corner, Poonamallee Road and the Ripon Building. At its height in 1921, there were 97 cars running on 24 km of track. However, the tram company went bankrupt about 1950 and the system closed on 12 April 1953.[2] The contract to remove the tracks and overhead cables was given to Narainsingh Ghanshamsingh.Power supply[edit]
The trams were run on a direct current power supply from overhead power lines, which replaced the original conduit after a series of monsoons. The power supply was obtained by a current collector called a trolley pole, mounted on top of the tram. The track rails served as the return path for the DC current.The DC power was supplied by mercury arc rectifier (converter) stations located in various sections of Chennai. Power for them was supplied by the Madras Electricity System, from a thermal power station at Basins Bridge which generated AC power.Tramways in India[edit]
Pink background for the systems that are terminated.System City Opening Year Closing Year System length (km) No. of lines Chennai tram Chennai 1895 1953 Cochin State Forest Tramway Palakkad, Thrissur 1907 1963 1 Delhi tram Delhi 1908 1963 Kanpur tram Kanpur 1907 1933 1 Mumbai tram Mumbai 1874 1964 Nasik tram Nasik 1889 1931 - 1933 Patna tram Patna 1903 1903 Kolkata tram Kolkata 1873 Present 25 Gallery[edit]
Future[edit]
Although trams have not been reintroduced in other places after their closure in all Indian cities apart from Kolkata, there have been some plans to reintroduce trams in upcoming smart cities as a new transport avatar.[4] There are also plans to introduce trams in medium sized cities[5] and plans to reintroduce trams in Delhi.[6][7]References[edit]
- ^ Calcutta Tramways Comapany timeline Retrieved 2011-03-16.
- ^ a b c d Tram views of Asia Retrieved 2011-03-16.
- ^ "First-ever book on Patna soon". The Times of India, September 23, 2008 Retrieved 2011-03-16.
- ^ "Trams likely to reappear in new avatar in upcoming smart cities". The Economic Times. Feb 7, 2010.
- ^ "Ministry plans to introduce trams in mid-size cities". livemint. Sep 10, 2013.
- ^ "Trams to ply on streets of Delhi again". The Economic Times. Mar 4, 2014.
- ^ "Delhi to bring back a slice of history — trams". The Indian Express. March 5, 2014.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Trams in India. - Tram Routes and Fares
- The Calcutta TramWays Company Limited's Official Website
[show]
Tramways in India[show]
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Categories:
- Transport in Mumbai
- Bus companies of India
- Power companies of India
- Companies established in 1905
- Defunct companies of India
Tram transport in India - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
en.wikipedia.org/.../Tram_transport_in...Mumbai वर जा - Mumbai[edit]. A double decker tram of the early 20th century inMumbai ... Electrified tram service began on 7 May 1907. Double-deck ...
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